Run by local school districts Funded by the public Must follow all state and federal education laws. Independent public schools Funded by the public or private donors Must follow education laws, but have freedom from some rules.
Run by private organizations Funded privately Little to no government oversight. Public schools: No. But some public magnet schools may require applications. Private schools: Yes. Public schools: Yes.
Charter schools: No. But private schools can reject applicants for almost any reason. But the required accommodations are more limited. General education teachers must be state-certified:.
Charter schools: Maybe. It depends on the laws of your state. Special education teachers must be state-certified:. Specializes in teaching kids who learn and think differently:. Public schools serve all students. The vast majority of school-aged children in the U.
The first public school in the U. However, many of these early public institutions limited enrollment to male children of white families; girls and people of color generally were barred. By the time of the American Revolution, rudimentary public schools had been established in most states, although it wasn't until the s that every state in the union had such institutions.
Indeed, not until did all states require children to complete elementary school. Today, public schools provide education for students from kindergarten through 12th grade, and many districts also offer pre-kindergarten classes as well.
Although K education is mandatory for all children in the U. Modern public schools are funded with revenue from federal, state, and local governments. In general, state governments provide the most funding, up to half of a district's funding with revenue usually coming from income and property taxes. Local governments also provide a large portion of school funding, usually also based on property tax revenue.
The federal government makes up the difference, usually about 10 percent of total funding. Public schools must accept all students that reside within the school district, although enrollment numbers, test scores, and a student's special needs if any may influence which school a student attends. State and local law dictate class size, testing standards, and curriculum. Charter schools are institutions that are publically funded but privately managed.
They receive public money based on enrollment figures. Roughly 6 percent of U. Like public schools, students do not have to pay tuition in order to attend.
Minnesota became the first state to legalize them in Charter schools are so named because they are founded based on a set of governing principles, called a charter, written by parents, teachers, administrators, and sponsoring organizations.
These sponsoring organizations may be private companies, nonprofits, educational institutions, or individuals. These charters typically outline the school's educational philosophy and establish baseline criteria for measuring student and teacher success.
Charter schools are part of their local public school districts; they don't charge tuition. Individual schools have contracts or charters with their districts that outline a management structure, funding, student expectations, and measures of success. As long as they uphold the terms of that contract, charter schools can operate outside most of the laws and regulations that govern public schools in the district.
That means charter schools have much more freedom when it comes to curriculum, enrollment, professional requirements for teachers , and educational mission. Teaching in a charter school can be very different from teaching in a public school setting. Charter school teachers can incorporate student interests or even their own interests into curricula, accommodate diverse learning styles, and modify lesson plans however they see fit as long as students meet the required achievement benchmarks.
The most significant difference between charter schools and public schools is that charters in many states can be shut down for various reasons. When charter schools are mismanaged or run out of money, the district can—and often will—shut them down.
Public charter schools can also be permanently shuttered if they fail to meet academic performance expectations outlined in the charter. The most significant difference between private schools and charter schools is that private schools exist percent independently of their public school district.
They receive no tax dollars or public funding, and they operate outside of state, district, or school board control. Private schools are typically paid for by parents, donors, endowments, alumni gifts, sponsors, and other types of private funders in the case of parochial schools, the sponsoring religious organization may provide substantial funding. They can set any admissions requirements they choose including requiring applicants to pass entrance exams , use curricula that may or may not meet state standards, and hire teachers using whatever criteria they deem appropriate.
Each private school is its own entity, so it can be hard to generalize about these institutions. Independent private schools tend to be smaller than charter schools, with just 10 to 15 students in each classroom.
Because families pay for private school out of pocket and have particular expectations regarding outcomes, students may be better behaved and more engaged in classwork than their peers in charter schools.
Teachers in private schools typically have the most freedom when it comes to what and how they teach. Charter school teachers have a lot of latitude, but at the end of the school year, students must meet standards set forth by the state. Private school teachers needn't provide proof of student achievement to the local district. Charter schools can set their own educational and professional requirements for teachers, but only if they meet the licensure requirements set forth by the state's department of education.
Forty-five states regulate charter school teacher licensure requirements. In some, charter school teachers don't have to have teaching certificates. In others, teachers at charter schools must meet the same licensure requirements as public school teachers. Many states have rules about how many teachers can be unlicensed in a given charter school and the criteria those unlicensed teachers must meet. Private schools have carte blanche to hire any teachers they see fit using whatever criteria they choose.
There are private schools that require, or at least prefer, that teachers have a teaching certificate. Some private schools prioritize degrees and professional experience when hiring new teachers.
Looking at private school teachers' staff bios n your area is one way to infer the qualifications local schools expect. Don't assume, however, that you can just decide not to get a degree in education or a teaching license because you plan to work in charter schools or private schools. First, not getting a degree in education can make life as a teacher harder. In a study that explored gaps in private school teachers' skills , hundreds of teachers in private schools reported having to learn skills like classroom management and lesson planning on the job.
More importantly, you may not be able to compete in today's marketplace without a master's degree—a credential held by about 50 percent of all teachers. People associate charter schools with smaller class sizes, and in many cases charter school classrooms are smaller.
Still, there are some charters with classrooms roughly the size of those in average public schools. At some charter schools, the student-teacher ratios are less favorable. Fewer students attend charter schools in the United States, but you can't conclude from that stat that there are fewer students in a given charter school. In almost all cases, private schools have smaller classrooms than other types of schools. That's because these schools have no obligation to admit students and are free to limit the number of applicants accepted to keep class sizes small.
If giving students as much individual attention as possible and extra help when they need it is essential to you, a private school might be the better fit. Many people are surprised to learn that the highest-paid teachers when you're looking at averages work in the public school system.
Charter school teacher salaries are typically 10 to 15 percent lower than traditional public school teacher salaries.
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